How to Stop Snoring with Devices: MADs and TRDs

Snoring happens when the muscles in your throat relax during sleep and allow soft tissue to partially block the airway. Air passing through the narrowed space causes the tissues to vibrate, producing the familiar snoring sound. Anti-snoring mouthpieces work by keeping the airway open so that air flows freely.

There are two main types of anti-snoring devices. The first is the mandibular advancement device, or MAD. The second is the tongue-retaining device, or TRD. Each type works differently, and one may suit you better than the other depending on your anatomy and sleeping habits.

A mandibular advancement device works by pushing the lower jaw slightly forward. This forward position tightens the soft tissues around the airway and prevents them from collapsing during sleep. Most MADs are customized using a boil-and-bite process, similar to a sports mouthguard. You soften the device in hot water, bite into it to create an impression, and let it cool. Many models also allow you to adjust the degree of jaw advancement in small steps until you find the position that works best for you. MADs tend to be especially effective for people whose snoring is worst when sleeping on their back.

MADs can cause some initial discomfort. Dry mouth, drooling, and jaw soreness are common at first. Most users find these side effects fade after a few weeks of regular use.

A tongue-retaining device takes a different approach. Instead of repositioning the jaw, it holds the tongue forward using gentle suction or prongs. This prevents the tongue from falling back and blocking the throat. TRDs put less pressure on the teeth and jaw than MADs, which makes them a useful option for people who cannot tolerate jaw advancement. TRDs are less customizable than MADs and may cause some tongue soreness during the adjustment period.

When choosing between the two types, consider your dental history, sleeping position, and comfort preferences. People with missing teeth, braces, dentures, a large overbite, or chronic jaw pain may not be good candidates for a MAD. Those with central sleep apnea, asthma, or severe periodontal disease should also consult a doctor before using any anti-snoring device.

Over-the-counter mouthpieces range in price from around $40 to just over $100. Custom-fitted oral appliances made by a dentist cost significantly more but offer a more precise fit. Over-the-counter devices are not typically covered by insurance, though flexible spending accounts and health savings accounts may be used toward the purchase.

It is important to understand that over-the-counter anti-snoring mouthpieces are designed for simple snoring, not for treating sleep apnea. If you experience daytime sleepiness, wake up gasping, or have been told you stop breathing during sleep, see a doctor before trying any device. These are signs of obstructive sleep apnea, which requires proper diagnosis and medical treatment.

Anti-snoring devices require daily cleaning. Most can be brushed gently with a soft toothbrush and mild soap or toothpaste. Let the device dry completely and store it in its case. Always brush your teeth before putting the device in. With regular care, most mouthpieces last between two months and three years depending on the materials and whether you grind your teeth.